What is DHA and EPA?

Omega-3 is an extremely essential nutrient for the body. Two common types of omega-3 fatty acids are DHA and EPA, they are found in foods such as fish oil, flaxseed oil ... The following article will help you better understand them.

What is DHA and EPA and its role in the body

1. What is DHA?

DHA - short for docosahexaenoic acid, is a fatty acid of the omega-3 group. DHA accounts for half of the structure of fat in the brain. The scientists found that DHA is part of the membrane of nerve cells in the brain.

DHA accounts for a very high proportion in the brain's gray matter and in the retina, so it also affects eyesight. DHA produces sensitive nerve cells that convey information quickly and accurately. Omega-3 fatty acids assist in the formation of neurons and transport of glucose. This is the main nutrient that helps the brain function.

In addition, DHA is also essential for the development of the eyes and nervous system. Animal studies also show that high levels of DHA are present in the nervous system such as the retina or the brain.

The lack of DHA can decrease intelligence in children. A study in the US following children aged 8 tuổi9 years old showed that babies who were breastfed and provided with enough DHA had an intelligence score of 8.3 points higher than those who were given cow's milk and lack of DHA.

2. What is EPA?

EPA stands for eicosapentaenoic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid also known as "dialysis properties". Researchers have discovered that the main effect of EPA is to help prostaglandin production in the blood. This prostaglandin inhibits the production of platelets in order to reduce and prevent thrombosis. In addition, it also works to reduce cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. In addition, EPA can reduce blood viscosity.

EPA reduces the risk of atherosclerosis. Therefore, EPA is very useful in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease .

Supplement DHA and EPA

Long-term DHA supplementation is beneficial for the development of young children. However, in many places now, children in many countries around the world are receiving DHA at lower rates than recommended.

Recommendations of FAO, WHO (2010):

DHA with children 6 months - 24 months: 10−12 mg / kg;

Pregnant and lactating women: 200 mg / day.

Recent recommendations for daily DHA intake of ANSES - French Food Safety Authority (2010):

Children 0 - 6 months: 0.32% of total fatty acids;

Children 6 - 12 months: 70 mg / day;

Children from 1 to 3 years: 70 mg / day;

Children 3 - 9 years: 125 mg / day;

Pregnant or breast-feeding women : 250 mg / day.

Hopefully, through this article, you have a better understanding of what DHA and EPA are to support well in nurturing your baby to develop comprehensively.