How to prevent and treat the 9 most common childhood diseases

Germs are found everywhere around children, on the street, at school and at home. Whenever your children can get sick and need parental care. Parents need to equip knowledge to help their children prevent and treat them.

From birth to adulthood, not a single child doesn't get sick a couple of times. When children are sick, parents are often very worried. However, science has proven that the disease is not necessarily bad, this is an opportunity to activate the child's immune system, helping children to prevent disease later. Here are 9 common diseases that children often get, how to prevent and treat them.

Colds and flu

Surely the parents are no strangers to the common cold in children. Every year, kindergartens and primary schools have to deal with the problem of children suffering from this disease. Symptoms of the disease: sore throat, runny nose, cough, sneezing, and fatigue. The illness can last for a few days to two weeks.

It spreads through the salivary glands when an infected person sneezes. Children also spread colds through direct contact with friends who are showing signs of being sick or from unclean surfaces like toys or classroom furniture - and then touching their own, solid especially the mouth or the eyes.

Prevention: The best way to prevent the flu is for parents to take their child for a flu shot every year. You can also reduce your child's risk of getting a cold or flu by teaching your child to wash their hands often with soap and warm water. Children should also be instructed to avoid close contact with sick people and to share food and utensils with others, and not to put their hands or other objects in their mouths for hygiene.

Treatment: While there is no specific cure for colds, parents can make their children more comfortable by giving their children acetaminophen-containing medicines (such as Paracetamol, Panadol) that help with pain relief. fever. Children should be reminded to drink plenty of fluids and use salt water to rinse their mouths regularly to ease sore throats.

If cold symptoms are accompanied by high fever, severe muscle aches, exhaustion, immediately take your baby to the medical center for treatment, parents.

Hand, foot and mouth

Hand-foot-mouth disease is a common viral disease that directly affects infants and children under 5 years old. Symptoms include fever, mouth sores, and skin rash.

The hand, foot and mouth disease virus is transmitted in the saliva, nasal mucus, feces, and fluid from the mouth blister of an infected person. Your child will become infected if, during the game, they touch the sick person or touch anything that contains the virus.

Prevention: Regularly wash your hands to help prevent the spread of hands, feet, and mouth. Your child should also avoid contact with or near food and utensils with other children. If an infected child has ever been to your home wash toys and household surfaces where the virus is likely to attach. Then, disinfect the home using 1 tablespoon bleach to 4 cups water.

Treatment: There is currently no specific treatment for hand, foot, and mouth disease, but only to relieve the symptoms with acetaminophen to relieve pain and fever. Your doctor may recommend using pain reliever mouthwash and sprays to numb when your mouth hurts a lot. In case the symptoms worsen or the baby shows signs such as startling, fussing a lot, you should immediately contact your doctor for timely treatment.

Pink eye

Red-eye pain or conjunctivitis is a disease caused by irritation of the eye and the eye conjunctiva. Symptoms can include itching, burning, redness, watery eyes, sensitivity to light, and multiple blisters on the eyelids.

It is spread from viruses, bacteria, allergens, or irritants. Children are susceptible to illness because they rub their eyes very often after playing or touching contaminated surfaces.

Prevention: To protect our children and ourselves, let's all practice the habit of frequent hand washing with soap. In the event that soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Absolutely do not allow children to share towels, pillows, face towels, or other items with an infected person, parents. If someone in your family has red-eye pain, wash your pillowcases, bed sheets, face towels and towels in hot water and soap to prevent infection.

Treatment: Mild conjunctivitis is usually treated at home. Salting the water and using a cold washcloth can help relieve dryness and inflammation. If your child has eye pain, fever and vision loss, severe headache or redness, or worsens eye pain within a few days, the parent should take him or her to a medical center for prompt treatment. .

Ear infection (not contagious)

Most children under 2 years of age have at least one middle ear infection . A cold or allergy can cause bacteria to grow in your child's middle ear, blocking the eustachian tube - the hose that connects the middle ear to the throat. This can cause pain, fever and sometimes ringing in the ears.

Prevention: To reduce the risk of ear infections, your baby should be kept a safe distance from sick people and wash their hands often. Tobacco smoke can increase your risk of ear infections. And you should be careful not to let your child drink the water from the bottle while lying down because he or she may choke and the water gets into the ear.

Treatment: If your child has pain and fever due to an ear infection, you should give him Acetaminophen for pain relief. Your child may also need antibiotics. Most ear infections go away within a few days after antibiotics start to work.

Pinworm

Take your baby to the doctor if you notice that your baby itchy and scratches his butt often in the morning, because he may have a pinworm infection .

Poor hygiene is the main cause of pinworm disease. These are the eggs that move down the digestive system, hatch, and lay eggs around the anus. The disease causes itching and discomfort in the anal area. Your doctor will give your baby a special bandage to stick at night to bind the worm eggs. It only takes one or two doses of anthelmintic medicine for your baby to be well. You need to wash your child's towels and clothes in hot water.

Infants and toddlers rarely get pinworms due to limited exposure to the source.

Prevention: Hygiene for the baby is the best advice for parents.

Treatment: Take your child to the doctor right away to find out the exact cause and the proper treatment. Antibiotics can help with this.

Stomach flu

"Gastric flu" is the literal name for gastroenteritis or gastroenteritis , a medical condition in which the lining of the stomach or intestines is attacked by a virus, bacteria or infection. Some parasite. Symptoms can include stomach upset, diarrhea, fever and vomiting, and may also include hives. It is spread by close contact with an infected person or by eating food contaminated with the bacteria.

Prevention: Try to keep your baby from the sick person. Always remind your baby to wash their hands often, especially before eating and after using the toilet, and tell them to avoid sharing food and utensils with sick children and not putting their hands in their mouths, Parents!

Treatment: There is no specific treatment for "stomach flu". Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration caused by diarrhea , rest, avoid spicy and fried foods or eat only small amounts of foods like gelatin, toast, crackers, rice, or bananas at first. are also good tips to help heal illness. You can give your baby more probiotics to increase the healthy bacteria in the gut. After that, return your baby to a normal diet, but with less amount. In case your baby often vomits or has diarrhea, take him immediately to the medical facility for advice and treatment.

Red cheek disease

It is caused by a virus that causes characteristic red areas on a child's cheeks - making the baby appear to have been slapped hard on the cheek by someone (hence the English name of the disease is Slapped cheek disease).

Red cheek disease is most common in winter and spring. It usually starts with a mild fever, headache, stuffy or runny nose. But the main symptoms are a bright red rash that starts on the cheeks and spreads to the torso, arms and legs. The main cause is Parvo B19 virus - a virus that can cause cold-like symptoms before the rash appears. This disease is most common in children 3-15 years old. However, younger children and also adults (if they have never been exposed to the disease before) can get sick.

It is spread through saliva, phlegm, and nasal mucus.

Prevention: The disease is most contagious during the "stuffy" phase, before your baby starts to show other symptoms of the disease, so it's hard to stop. The best protection is to avoid contact with children who cough and sneeze and wash their hands often - especially before touching their eyes, nose or mouth.

Treatment: Red cheek disease is usually mild and does not require treatment compared to other conditions. If necessary, Acetaminophen or an anti-itch medication can help relieve symptoms. However, Parvos B19 virus from patients can cause serious complications in those with weakened immune systems or chronic anemia, or in pregnant women.

Eczema (non-infectious disease)

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis , affects 1 in 10 babies and children. Symptoms can begin before the baby's crib stops. Eczema often causes symptoms such as an itchy rash on the face, elbows, or knees or it can spread to other areas including the scalp and behind the ears. The disease can be cured quickly but also has a high risk of recurrence.

Genes and environmental factors - such as foods, pollen, dust, animal hair - are thought to cause eczema. Children with eczema are at an increased risk of allergies and asthma.

Prevention: You can't keep your baby from getting eczema, but you can prevent it in the first place. Dry skin is a favorable environment for the development of the disease so always keep your baby's skin in good moisture by using appropriate bath soap. Parents should let their babies wear soft, active clothes, and should avoid using perfumed soaps or lotions as well as bubble baths as they can cause skin irritation. Recognizing the signs of a skin infection and treating it early is essential.

Treatment: You should regularly cool your baby to cool it can help. Your doctor can prescribe treatment, if necessary. Effective medications include corticosteroid creams or ointments, topical medications, antihistamines to relieve itching, and antibiotics taken or applied to an infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

RSV, or respiratory syncytial virus, is a very common virus in infants and young children. Almost all children will become infected with RSV between the ages of 2-3.

Symptoms of RSV may initially resemble flu, including symptoms of fever, runny nose ...

These manifestations may be worse after the virus enters the lungs: cough deeper and more cough, difficulty breathing, including wheezing (wheezing) and rapid breathing, purple lips or fingernails, dehydration, difficulty breastfeeding or having trouble getting a bottle.

Prevention: Parents can reduce their child's risk of getting sick by:

Wash your hands thoroughly with rubbing alcohol or with warm water and soap before touching your baby;

If any family member has a cold or a fever, that person should never kiss the child;

Do not let your child come into contact with anyone who has flu or fever symptoms;

Avoid letting children go to crowded places like daycare centers, busy shopping streets, crowded family gatherings, etc.

Do not smoke around children. Smoking is prohibited indoors.

Treatment: The treatment for your child will be more accurate and reasonable if you bring the child to the medical center in time.

With the prevention and treatment of the 9 most common diseases that children most often encounter are shared above, parents will have all the necessary information to protect their baby from the symptoms of disease, to help them stay healthy and healthy. comprehensive development.

Basically, children are susceptible to disease no matter how well you protect them. Is it the same as fighting in defeat? Not necessarily. Parents are equipped with solid knowledge, their children will be healthier, less sick, but if there is a disease, the baby will recover soon.